Passenger cars AZLK - Moskvich

Moskvich - 403

Moskvich-403 - Soviet passenger car of a small class, produced at Moscow plant of small cars (МЗМА) since December 1962 to July 1965.

A transition model between which were in the pipeline until 1963, «Muscovite-407» and the car «Moskvich-408»who continued in a series of in 1964. «Moskvich-403» was a little more than two and a half years - from December 1962 to July 1965. During this time it was produced 133 523 cars of this model, 50 612 of which were exported abroad. The basis of the model range are still three modifications of body style: sedan M-403, five-door wagon M-424-door and wagon M-432. At the same time each modification had its counterpart in the export versions. Moreover, there was a version of the transitional model of the «Muscovites» for the southern regions, обозначавшаяся in the index of the letter «Yu».
Production-technological policy МЗМА of those years was based on the idea of a smooth transition from one car to another through the gradual replacement of existing units and units with new ones. The development of machines of the third generation of «Moskvich-408» started in 1959, and in 1961-m were already prepared to the first prototypes. So it is quite natural that the next step was the gradual implementation of the design of output elements of the new subcompact car. However, this time the transition considerably delayed, as the «Moskvich-408» was radically different from their predecessors. It required the creation of a special intermediate model, which became the «Moskvich-403».
The transitional status of «Moskvich-403» reflected even in the index. Starting with the M-400, all of the new basic «Muscovites» received the index in order, depending on the model of the engine. And only for the M-403 exception was made: to emphasize a temporary, interim nature of the model, it is done «under» its basic brethren. The role of the transitional model of the «Moskvich-403» done it perfectly: if in the first year of production, he shared the Assembly line with «Moscow-407», then from September 1964, the M-403 produced in parallel with the new basic model «Muscovite-408».
However, for buyers «transitionality» new subcompact turned yet another price increase to 900 rubles. In sweepstakes lottery «Sportloto» the cost of this car is to be determined in 3411 roubles, 25 kopecks. All were released 105 726 Muscovites-403 with the modifications.

Description of the model
«Moskvich-403» was the transition model from the «Moskvich-407» to «a Muscovite-408» and was produced in parallel with them.
The transition from the «Moskvich-407» to «a Muscovite-408» consisted in using the perspective of the nodes of the body and chassis. Changes and improvements, of which the «Moskvich-403», enough to published in 1962, a 60-page booklet under the editorship of chief designer МЗМАА.Ф.Андронова. This booklet in a mandatory procedure was supplemented by «a Basic guide to the operation of cars «Moskvich-407,423Н and 430». «Moskvich-403» received a new front suspension. For the first time in the Russian automotive industry were used self-regulating wheel brake цилиндры.Главный brake cylinder «has moved» from under the floor under the hood, which in combination with hydraulic clutch made it possible to replace floor pedals attached. All of these innovations were made possible by the use of under engine frame and shield front of promising model.Significant changes were made in the steering wheel and steering column. The steering wheel itself due to the back-hub, two broad spokes and full ring signal, placed in the plane of the rim, it is more convenient and modern. All the elements of the steering wheel were still executed in light tones, while the M-408 and M-412 they were black. Change of the mechanism of the control transmission of the cat (thin-walled tube shaft of the gearbox control was placed inside the steering column) in conjunction with the new compact mechanism of the switch turns it possible to more efficiently making the steering column and to refuse from decorative enclosure.
From the «classic» motor «Moskvich-407» engine M-403 differed only the location of the filter of rough cleaning of oil on the engine block. For the convenience of the layout (in connection with the application of the new steering gear) filter was installed vertically, it has simplified its dismantling during the washing of the filter element and the body.
In may 1964 on the M-403 started to install engines M-407Д1, also representing a transition model of the M-408. The engine was increased diameter of indigenous necks of the crankshaft (from 51 to 57 mm), established tenacious d-rings, appeared the posterior lobe of the crankshaft (previously replaced him collar with маслосгонной thread). Due to application of welding of heat-resistant alloy service life of valve timing was increased in 2-2,5 times. In the engine cooling system applied a new, more compact and lightweight radiator. The «Moscvich» appeared mechanical washer, windscreen, which was set in the action of the foot trigger, situated to the left of the clutch pedal. With regard to the updating of the exterior, it is for the domestic market it was not done. The «cloak» M-403 донашивал for its «big brother». Outwardly the «Muscovites-403» for sale in the USSR practically did not differ from the last «Muscovites-407». The new model gave a barely noticeable details, such as metal nozzles windshield washer or changed the numbers denote the model in the red треугольничке on the front wings.
The first export modifications were somewhat different from the later literal notation: 403Э, 403Ю, 403СЭ, 403К, 424Э, 424Ю, 424СЭ, 424К,432Ю and 432СЭ.Domestic export version of the «Moskvich-403ИЭ» appeared in 1962. Following the Italian model, once again changed the lining of the radiator - it is elegant and modern. In the corners of the cladding, calling on the sides of the front wings, organically located «crystals» new front-поворотников such later it was planned to install on the «Muscovites-408».
Side moldings, it was decided not reduce, but, on the contrary, increase. Moldings were double in the middle part: it gave the possibility to put the insert another color two-tone machines still in demand abroad. The rear lights, on the contrary, lost chromium and painted in body colour, with the area of their «glazing» became visually less. Slightly changed and metal «bird», which was at the same time handle the boot lid and glass lamp for lighting number plate: it has become more angular and is accented «geometric».
It is curious that many people erroneously believe this «Muscovite-403» only export modification, denying the right to wear his own name to all the rest of the «Muscovites» of the second generation, issued from 1962 to 1965.
"Muscovites-407" and "403" was considered fairly dynamic machines. They are widely participated in the rally, ring, Hippodrome races, which included then in the sports life of the country, and their aggregates used in the creation of sports and racing cars.
It is important to note that the «Moskvich-403» basic model had virtually no external differences from the «Moskvich-407», except for the rear lights, which became трехсоставными instead двухсоставных. Only the so-called «export» (actually for export are often offered two variants of how different complete set) option-M-403Э - had changed the wide radiator grille with a rectangular contours, as amended (the«two-storeyed») molding side, painted in the color of exterior rear lamps, door mirror. Just such a car is shown in the illustration on the left, but it is necessary to take into account that the bulk of the issue of the model of the standard design, as in the figure above.
The car combines the body and overhead valve engine M-407 and borrowed from the perspective of the M-408 steering mechanism with pendulum lever, front suspension with two ball joints on each side (in M-402 and M-407 suspension was made on each side of the one ball joint and one cylindrical finger), brake, underframe and shield front. The clutch pedal and brake pedal have been converted from floor to ceiling, respectively the brake master cylinder was moved under the hood (previously housed under the floor). Drive clutch became hydraulic.
Appeared windscreen washer, but the drive wiper blades remained mechanical. For the first time in the Russian automotive industry were used self-regulating wheel brake cylinders («with самоподводом»). Upgraded steering column. Shaft gear was made of concentric steering shaft, instead located to the side of it axially in M-407, which allowed to considerably reduce the level of vibration of the lever. There is a new steering wheel with a back-hub, switch поворотников was moved to the right side (before this was at the top of the steering column).
Engine M-407 to may 1964 fully correspond to the «Muscovite-407» except for the filter of rough clearing of oil, which had a vertical position.In may 1964, set the M-407Д1, representing the transition model of the M-408. The engine was increased diameter of indigenous necks of the crankshaft (57 mm against 51мм), established tenacious d-rings, appeared the posterior lobe of the crankshaft (previously replaced him collar with маслосгонной thread).
The most recent of the M-403 according to some data could already be equipped with a 50-strong «408-m» engine with dual carburetor.
Engine M-408 produced until 1988, and, respectively, was fixed on a number of «Muscovites» model «408» to «2733».

Technical characteristics
Dimensions, mm
length x width x height 4055x1540x1560
base 2370
The layout of the
front engine
the drive wheels rear
The body sedan
Maximum speed, km/h 115
The engine of the "Moskvich-407Д", gasoline, carburetor, in-line
the number of cylinders 4
working volume 1358 cm3
number of valves 8
the location of the upper
power, HP/kW 45/33 at 4500 rpm
A four-step gearbox
Suspension
front independent, spring
rear axle, the longitudinal springs
Brakes hydraulic
front drum
rear drum
Electrical Equipment 12 InTyre size 5.00-15

Modification
Moskvich-403 - base sedan, produced in 1962-1965 years.
Moskvich-403Б - a car with manual control for disabled guests.
Moskvich-403М - medical version of this vehicle, like his predecessor was used for the transport of medical personnel and care of patients at home. On the front and rear glasses they had drawn the red cross sign.
oskvich-403Т - a car for the taxi service. Differences from the basic variant consisted of the installation of a taximeter and inflicted notation taxi - «шашечках».
Moskvich-403Э - modification for export, with modified lining of the radiator (also changed and side repeaters rotations), side moldings (modified horizontal molding - became "двухжтажным" and lost the "arrow" to the front wing and wheel caps. In addition, a Muscovite-403Э had the rear lights with housing, painted in the color of the body.
Moskvich-403Ю - modification for the southern climate;
Moskvich-424 - wagon on the basis of the model of Moscow-423Н with angular framework of the rear doors and walking along the whole roof whole a groove. The back seat was, forming the cargo compartment length 1473 mm and a width 1220 mm. When folded rear seat station wagon could carry a 250 kg of cargo and two persons, including the driver. For a spare wheel under the floor was intended for horizontal niche. The rear springs were to 5 mm wider than the base sedan. The back door with a loading height of 760 mm opened on the left side. Universal produced in 1963-1965;
Also released the modification of the "Moskvich-424Ю" for the southern climate.
Moskvich-424Э - export station wagon based on the model of «Moskvich-424». The exterior of the car is identical to the basic model of the car.